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In this narrative review, we explore developments in the field of computational musculoskeletal model personalization using the Physiome and Musculoskeletal Atlas Projects. Model geometry personalization; statistical shape modeling; and its impact on segmentation, classification, and model creation are explored. Examples include the trapeziometacarpal and tibiofemoral joints, Achilles tendon, gastrocnemius muscle, and pediatric lower limb bones. Finally, a more general approach to model personalization is discussed based on the idea of multiscale personalization called scaffolds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. An accurate urine analysis is a good indicator of the status of the renal and genitourinary system. However, limited studies have been done on comparing the diagnostic performance of the fully automated analyser and manual urinalysis especially in Ghana. This study evaluated the concordance of results of the fully automated urine analyser (Sysmex UN series) and the manual method urinalysis at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Methodology. Sixty-seven (67) freshly voided urine samples were analysed by the automated urine analyser Sysmex UN series and by manual examination at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Kappa and Bland-Altman plot analyses were used to evaluate the degree of concordance and correlation of both methods, respectively. Results. Substantial (κ = 0.711 , p < 0.01), slight (κ = 0.193 , p = 0.004), and slight (κ = 0.109 , p < 0.001) agreements were found for urine colour, appearance, and pH, respectively, between the manual and automated methods. A strong and significant correlation (r = 0.593 , p < 0.001) was found between both methods for specific gravity with a strong positive linear correlation observed for red blood cell count (r = 0.951 , R 2 = 0.904 , p < 0.001), white blood cell count (r = 0.907 , R 2 = 0.822 , p < 0.001), and epithelial cell count (r = 0.729 , R 2 = 0.532 , p < 0.001). A perfect agreement of urine chemistry results in both methods was observed for nitrite 67 (100%) (κ = 1.000 , p < 0.001) with a fair agreement for protein 46 (68.7%) (κ = 0.395 , p < 0.001). A strong agreement was found in both methods for the presence of cast 65 (97.0%) (κ = 0.734 , p < 0.001) with no concordance observed for the presence of crystals (κ = 0.115 , p = 0.326) and yeast-like cells (YLC) (κ = 0.171 , p = 0.116). Conclusion. The automated and manual methods showed similar performances and good correlation, especially for physical and chemical examination. However, manual microscopy remains necessary to classify urine sediments, particularly for bacteria and yeast-like cells. Future research with larger samples could help validate automated urinalysis for wider clinical use and identify areas requiring improved automated detection capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Problem‐solving skills (PSS) help to provide a systematic approach to dealing with and managing complex problems. The overall aim of this study was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of developing and adapting a prison‐based PSS workbook for adults within a medium‐ and low‐secure hospital. Method: We used the Medical Research Council framework in our participatory mixed methods study incorporating an adapted survey (to identify what types of problems people experience in secure hospitals), a series of three interactive workshops (to co‐produce two case study examples for a workbook) and we gathered feedback from patients and hospital staff on the acceptability and feasibility of the workbook. Data from the survey were used to inform the case study examples, and the feedback from patients and hospital staff was descriptively summarised and the results consolidated. Results: In total, 82 (51%) patients took part in the survey; 22 patients and 49 hospital staff provided feedback on the workbook. The survey results indicated that patients regularly experience problems while in the hospital. Patients reported problems relating to restrictions of freedom and boredom. The workshops produced two case studies for the workbooks, with mainly positive patient and staff feedback. More work is required to improve the visual representation of the characters in the case studies, the amount and content of the language and the mechanism of the intervention delivery. Conclusion: The adaptation process proved acceptable and feasible to both patients and staff. The co‐production methodology for the workbook and feedback from patients and staff was an effective way of iteratively refining the materials to ensure that they were both meaningful and acceptable to staff and patients. Subsequent work is required to develop the workbook and evaluate the feasibility of the intervention delivery, recruitment rates, uptake and adherence to the PSS using a randomised controlled trial. Patient or Public Contribution: At each stage of the project consultation with patients and/or hospital staff was involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The findings from a pilot study on specific historical aspects of botanical reference books indicate that dictionaries represent a subset of branch reference literature within the corresponding scientific field, essentially serving as systematized derivatives of research studies. Primarily encapsulating informative content, these botanical dictionaries succinctly document objective academic knowledge for distinct periods. The evolution of reference books (botanical dictionaries as well) involves not only quantitative expansion but also qualitative advancements. The development of botanical vocabulary is delineated into three distinct stages, elucidating the characteristics of chronological formation and structural nuances in compendiums. Examining various botanical dictionaries exemplifies the diverse and multidimensional nature of these scholarly reference publications and their integral role in the broader landscape of encyclopedic knowledge.

Library is a place that contains various resources and materials. Many invaluable knowledge can be found in the library. By analysing the library’s data, it is possible to obtain information that can further improve its services. This research aims to extract information from Multimedia University (MMU) library and present insightful visualization of the information to enhance the library administration. At present, the library does not have information on the book preferences of the library users. The book preferences statistics can be relatively helpful as the library will know what books can be imported in the future. By doing so, more people will visit the library and they will have more related books to use as reference or to read. In addition, there are no existing dashboards to display information on all borrowers, no visitor. In the absence of this, this research adopts the data science methodology to determine the book preferences of library users by using machine learning techniques such as clustering and classification. Lastly, a dashboard will be developed to display all the findings which includes statistics on the visitors and book preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the early 19th century, a peculiarly systematic way of organizing books emerged in Germany. This systematization, which purported to be a rational organization of subject matter, was an outgrowth of the philosophy of Hegel. This article attempts to outline Hegel's organizational practice. It argues that Hegel's encyclopedia was a reaction against the Enlightenment encyclopedia, and that it attempted to restore the systematic mindset of pre-modern reference books. Yet it did this, not in a straightforward fashion, but by developing a method for organizing material that both stresses the interconnectedness of knowledge and promises to be highly scalable. In its attempt to trace the Hegelian organizational method, this article revisits and calls attention to a forgotten work in Hegel scholarship by Michael John Petry, who was the first writer to seriously stress the importance of classification in Hegel's work. This article is an attempt to demonstrate that Hegelianism and information organization can be brought into fruitful and mutually beneficial dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extended breadth, brilliant historical background and powerful ancient empires lead researchers to conclude that Iran must have been powerful enough in those eras in scientific domains especially in terms of geographical knowledge. But the remaining scientific works in geographical arena isn't considerable enough. In the present study, using the literature review method, an attempt has been made to reveal few geographical references about Iran prior to the advent of Islam. These references are books, manuscripts, inscription and epopee forms. Among the books, the Avesta, Bundahisn, Denkart, and Menog-i Khrad have a significant importance. Moreover, Sahrestänihä ï Êrânsahr, The wonder and remarkability of Sagastän, History of Karkä de Bet Selök, The Chronicle of Arbela, Parthian Stations and Movses Khorenatsi are geography books that too discuss geographical issues of ancient Iran. The letters of ancient kings such as Ardashir-e Babakan, Tansar and Artabanus to Susa citizens also contain information about geography. Some inscriptions from ancient Iran have geographic concepts such as Darius, Persepolis, Susa, Xerxes I and Shapur I. There is a lack of geographers' name in ancient Iran same as scientific references about geography. Only two people named Isidore Charax and Movses Khorenatsi could be found who studied the Iranian geography, directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We compared mothers reading books to six‐month‐old infants or playing with toys and measured whether the maternal language input influenced the children's spoken vocabulary at 18 months of age. Method: This Taiwanese study recruited 46 dyads and video recorded them while the mothers read books to their infants and played with them with toys at 6 months of age. The mothers' lexical diversity, which is the ratio of different unique words to the total number of words, was measured. We then assessed the children's spoken vocabulary at 18 months. Results: The mother used more diverse vocabulary and a higher number of words when they were reading books than playing with toys with their children (p = 0.001). Maternal lexical diversity at 6 months of age accounted for 14.4% of the unique variance in the number of different words used by the child at 18 months. We believe that this is a novel finding. Conclusion: Mothers used wider vocabulary and talked to their infants more during book reading than when they played with toys. Diverse maternal vocabulary at 6 months of age positively influenced the number of different words their children used at 18 months of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on reading in a foreign language report that meaningful reading comprehension is determined by an individual's vocabulary size. A conclusion from these studies is that a vocabulary threshold of 8000-9000 words is compulsory for the reader to comprehend 98% of running words in academic texts and consequently achieve optimal comprehension of the materials. A threshold of 4,000-5,000 words can only assist readers to understand 95% of running words, which guarantees minimal comprehension. This study examines the relationship between the vocabulary size of undergraduate university students and the vocabulary coverage of reference books sampled from among those listed in their course outlines. This corpus-based and descriptive study used the Vocabulary Level Test (VLT) to assess the vocabulary size of 774 participants and a vocab profiler to analyze the vocabulary coverage of the nine sampled reference books. The results showed that, on average, the participants' vocabulary size would enable them to comprehend 95% of the running words in most of the books in the sample, but that size would not help them to understand 98% of the running words in any of the sampled books. These results suggest that, on average, no student in the sample could have optimal comprehension of the sampled reference books. Therefore, our study calls for the need to introduce serious reading programmes at the primary and secondary school levels so as to promote students' vocabulary size and reading comprehension ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To describe and compare the references cited in popular books about diet and health between the USA and Japan. Design: Books were selected based on their best-seller rankings in the diet and health category of online bookstores. We identified references throughout all pages of the books and examined the number of references, reference format (identifiable or not) and presence of specific types of references, such as systematic reviews of human research. We compared the characteristics of references between the two countries and examined related factors to citation. Setting: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Books (n 100 in each country). Results: Among 100 books from each country, sixty-five US and sixty-six Japanese books had references. Forty-five US books cited more than 100 references, against only five Japanese books. The number of books that cited systematic reviews of human research differed between the USA (n 49) and Japan (n 9). Additionally, the number of books that provided identifiable information for all references was significantly higher in the USA (n 63) than in Japan (n 42). Books whose first authors have licences of medical doctors were more likely to cite references than those without in both countries. Conclusions: Two-thirds of books about diet and health cited references in both the USA and Japan, but Japanese books cited fewer references and were less likely to cite systematic reviews and provide identifiable references than US books. Further research into the scientific reliability of information in books about diet and health is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In physical environments and cultural landscapes, we most often deal not with separate colors, but with color combinations. When choosing a color, we usually try to "fit" it into a preexisting color context, making the new color combination harmonious. Yet are the "laws" of color harmony fundamental to our shared cognitive architecture, or are they cultural products that vary from country to country? To answer these questions we conducted an experiment with 599 participants aged 18 to 76 from eight different countries, including Algeria (MA = 26.2 years; SD = 8.8; 49 men, 26 women), Belarus (MA = 19.8 years; SD = 9.1; 19 men, 63 women), Italy (MA = 29.0 years; SD = 12.8; 23 men, 67 women), Mexico (MA = 20.0 years; SD = 7.0; 34 men, 23 women), Nigeria (MA = 34.7 years; SD = 10.5; 29 men, 32 women), Russia (MA = 24.6 years; SD = 6.3; 17 men, 72 women), Saudi Arabia (MA = 24.5 years; SD = 8.6; 28 men, 38 women), and Chile (MA = 34.3 years; SD = 15.1; 35 men, 43 women). To create experimental stimuli, we used 10 color combinations composed by the Russian avant-garde artist Mikhail Matyushin and his disciples for the Reference Book of Color (1932) based on shades that were typical in architectural design—yellow ochre, light umber, light ochre, and burnt umber. We removed the "intermediary" linking color from each of the selected color triads and asked participants to adjust the color of this band according to their liking. Mapping 2995 color choices into CIELAB and CIELCh color space to identify their chromatic characteristics (hue, lightness, and chroma), we demonstrate graphically that color triads in different cultures have a different "geometry" in CIELAB color space and on the color circle. We conclude that the revealed patterns of these relationships reflect cross-cultural "shifts" in human perception of color harmony. The analysis presented in this paper will facilitate opportunities for architects, designers, and other color professionals to create culturally specific harmonic color combinations in urban environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Oxford Handbook of Japanese Philosophy" is a comprehensive reference book that complements the previously published "Japanese Philosophy: A Sourcebook." It includes pre-modern philosophy and reflects the mainstream view that Japanese philosophy extends to earliest times. While the handbook is relevant, it may require a revised edition due to potential shortcomings in interpretations. The book features authoritative contributors and is readable for a broad audience. Its solid factual information ensures its continued demand for years to come. [Extracted from the article]

The article for the first time presents a biography and considers the circumstances of the tragic death of Alexei Ivanovich Mikhailovsky, a lecturer in English and a compiler of the fundamental three-volume reference book “Teachers who studied and served at the Imperial Kazan University (1804–1904)”. Attention is paid to the conditions of Mikhailovsky’s work on a reference book in connection with the preparations for the 100th anniversary of Kazan University. The features of the material published by him as a unique source on the history of the university are revealed.

From fiction to psychoanalysis: re-imagining a relationship: by Rosemary Riz, Oxford, Routledge, 2023, 134 pp., £22.99 (Paperback), ISBN: 978-1-032-35134-6; £99.99 (Hardback), ISBN 978-1-032-35133-9; £22.49 (ebook), ISBN: 978-1-003-32546-8 Rizq seeks to show how fiction can inform, and indeed transform, the theory and practice of psychoanalysis. The front cover of psychologist and psychoanalytic psychotherapist, Rosemary Rizq's book shows a charming painting of a woman reposed in a relaxed state reading a book. [Extracted from the article]

Representation of disability in school textbooks may influence pupils' knowledge and perceptions of people with disabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate representation of people with disabilities in school textbooks. The study employed a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative frequency analysis was used to investigate the extent of representation of disabilities in texts and pictures in 78 Norwegian textbooks for Grades 5–10. Regarding texts, the results showed that people with disabilities were represented in less than half of these textbooks (49%). Concerning pictures, people with disabilities were even less represented, appearing in only 29% of the textbooks. These quantitative findings were supplemented by a qualitative survey of textbook authors, who were asked to explain the marked absence of disability references in their own books and in school textbooks in general. The two most frequent explanations were that textbook authors had either overlooked people with disabilities, or that the Norwegian National Curriculum (Kunnskapsdepartementet 2006. Lærerplanverket for Kunnskapsløftet (LK06) [The Norwegian National Curriculum]. ) did not explicitly mention this minority. We discuss these explanations as expressions of conscious considerations rather than unconscious omissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use/land cover sits alongside other basic types of information about a country, such as its population and economy. However, in contrast with population data, which have been supplied by the decennial British Population Census since 1801 (apart from 1941), the routine and periodic collection of land‐use/land‐cover data has proved more challenging. Notable exceptions include the First and Second Land Utilisation surveys of the 1930s and 1960s, and the Countryside Surveys using a stratified sample of 1‐km grid squares undertaken periodically since 1984. The focus here is on the land‐use/land‐cover data collected by the Ordnance Survey from the 1850s to 1880s as part of the cadastral mapping of the country at 1:2500 scale. This information was published in Parish Books of Reference. These documents for parishes covering the South Downs, a National Character Area and National Park, in East and West Sussex provide the attribute data for the land parcels that have been joined to digitised polygons in order map land use/land cover across this area for the mid‐1870s. Classification of these data into 20 land‐use/land‐cover types enabled visual assessment and quantitative analysis using statistical techniques and spatial indices to explore the complexity of the landscape. Having shown the feasibility of mapping land‐use/land‐cover data for the South Downs, the paper concludes by considering issues involved in extending this work to other counties for which the Books of Reference were published. The Ordnance Survey's Parish Books of Reference and other data sources have been used to create a land‐use/land‐cover map for the mid‐1870s covering the South Downs, a National Character Area and National Park in East and West Sussex. The spatial pattern of land use/land cover has been examined using descriptive measures and landscape metrics. The potential to extend such mapping to other parts of the country has also been considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the field of human resource management research, the article The Influence of the Internet of Things and Work Life Balance on Employee Job Satisfaction is a review of scholarly literature. The goal of this article's authoring is to develop a hypothesis about the relationship between variables that can be applied to future management science and human resources management research projects. The descriptive qualitative research methodology is applied. Relevant data from earlier studies was gathered for this study and sourced from scholarly web resources like Google Scholar, Sinta journal, publish or perish, and digital reference books. The findings of this study are as follows: 1) Work life balance affected employee job satisfaction; and 2) Internet of things affected employee job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bivalves are ubiquitous in all habitats, including marine and freshwater environments. The present paper revises bivalve diversity and their current status along the two selected sites of the Sikka coast, i.e., the Vador site and the GSFC jetty site. The selected study site, the Sikka coast, lies at the centre of the southern coast of the Gulf of Kachchh, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India under the jurisdiction of Marine National Park, Forest Department, Jamnagar. During the study, samples were recorded during low tide hours followed by a tide chart for a period of six regularly scheduled months, from December 2021 to May 2022. The voucher specimens were collected for each species. The collected samples were identified up to species level with the help of different reference books. During the entire study, 15 bivalve species belonging to 7 orders, 11 families and 15 genera were recorded from two sites. Brachidontes undulatus and Saccostrea cucullata were the densest and abundant species throughout the study period at both sites whereas Pinna bicolor and Pinctada fucata were most frequently recorded throughout the study. Mean Shannon diversity index (H') values for bivalve for the entire study period at GSFC (1.603) were comparatively higher than at Vador (1.421). Station-wise, mean Margalef's richness index was higher at GSFC (2.185) than Vador (1.917). The mean evenness value at the Vador was 0.3672, while the GSFC value was 0.4282. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Two Homelands / Dve Domovini is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The given text provides a comprehensive overview of the development and significance of diagonalization in mathematical logic. It discusses the contributions of various mathematicians and highlights the use of self-reference and provability logic in diagonalization. The text also mentions the avoidance of diagonalization in certain proofs and the exploration of modal logic of provability. It concludes by mentioning the contributions of Solovay and the generalization of diagonalization. The author also references their own book on self-reference and modal logic. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the importance of history writing in reaching a diverse audience and avoiding simplification or clichés. It highlights the efforts of professional historians to engage with non-traditional audiences and collaborate across sectors. The article praises a specific book, "United Kingdom" by Adrian Bingham, for its structure and thematic development, which allows for a broader discussion of the UK's historical context. It explores various chapters of the book, covering topics such as post-war problems, economic growth, national coherence, grassroots political movements, and the persistence of the UK's power elite formations. The article concludes by acknowledging the book's references and further reading suggestions, as well as its realistic tone in assessing the UK's current situation. [Extracted from the article]

Despite their inclusion as first-line therapy for many chronic diseases, lifestyle interventions are often de-emphasized in medical education and fail to make it into the repertoire of non-lifestyle medicine trained clinicians. We sought to address this gap in medical education by creating a concise pocket guide to lifestyle medicine that lends itself to use in the face-to-face clinical setting. With input from lifestyle medicine experts, the guide was created by medical students for medical students as well as other healthcare professionals for use in a variety of clinical settings. In this article we share our process of creating the guide, initial feedback, and future directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: To compare the ability of the Cox regression and machine learning algorithms to predict the survival of patients with Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Methods: Patients diagnosed with ATC were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The outcomes were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), divided into: (1) binary data: survival or not at 6 months and 1 year; (2): time-to-event data. The Cox regression method and machine learnings were used to construct models. Model performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), brier score and calibration curves. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was deployed to interpret the results of machine learning models. Results: For binary outcomes, the Logistic algorithm performed best in the prediction of 6-month OS, 12-month OS, 6-month CSS, and 12-month CSS (C-index = 0.790, 0.811, 0.775, 0.768). For time-event outcomes, traditional Cox regression exhibited good performances (OS: C-index = 0.713; CSS: C-index = 0.712). The DeepSurv algorithm performed the best in the training set (OS: C-index = 0.945; CSS: C-index = 0.834) but performs poorly in the verification set (OS: C-index = 0.658; CSS: C-index = 0.676). The brier score and calibration curve showed favorable consistency between the predicted and actual survival. The SHAP values was deployed to explain the best machine learning prediction model. Conclusions: Cox regression and machine learning models combined with the SHAP method can predict the prognosis of ATC patients in clinical practice. However, due to the small sample size and lack of external validation, our findings should be interpreted with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As adults, we intuitively understand how others' goals influence their information-seeking preferences. For example, you might recommend a dense book full of mechanistic details to someone trying to learn about a topic in-depth, but a more lighthearted book filled with surprising stories to someone seeking entertainment. Moreover, you might do this with confidence despite knowing few details about either book. Even though we offer or receive such recommendations frequently as adults, we know little about how the ability to evaluate and recommend information sources to others develops. Two studies examined how children (6–9 years, Eastern U.S. residents, n = 311) and adults (U.S. residents, n = 180) select mechanistic and entertaining information sources for others depending on their goals. Participants recommended books containing mechanistic information to agents who wanted to learn and entertaining information to agents who wanted to have fun. In contrast to adults who strongly favored entertaining books, children recommended both kinds of books equally to a generally curious agent. These results suggest children can infer others' information-seeking preferences based on their goals and recommend appropriate information sources to satisfy those goals despite possessing little topical knowledge themselves. Public Significance Statement: The current findings demonstrate young children can reason about and recommend information sources to others despite often possessing little relevant knowledge themselves. These findings also highlight a potential decline in interest in causal mechanisms into adulthood, which is of potential importance to educators wishing to increase interest and curiosity toward science, technology, engineering, and mathematics topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxic Chinese materia medica (CMM) has both pharmacological activities and toxic effects. Based on thousands of years of experience in the application of CMMs, people have explored many practical processing methods of CMMs, also known as "Pao Zhi", to reduce/control toxicity and preserve/enhance efficacy. Toxic CMMs have been used throughout China's hospitals. Yet, the production and use of toxic CMM should be carried out in accordance with the Chinese pharmacopoeia (ChP) and the processing regulations formulated by the health administrative departments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. This paper summarizes the current understanding and awareness of toxicity and 45 toxic CMMs, the commonly used processing methods of toxic CMMs recorded in the 2020 edition of ChP, and the changes in the chemical component, toxicity, or efficacy profiles after processing. This review may provide useful information for the processing methods of toxic CMMs worldwide. We believe that with an in-depth study and understanding of toxic CMMs combined with a standardized application, the toxicity of CMMs will be predictable and controllable in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earlier research has shown that menstruation has often been constructed as a nuisance or a pathology in popular and medical texts. Drawing on poststructuralist discourse analysis of 10 contemporary self-help books on menstruation, 4 of which were chosen for further analysis, this article shows how approaches to menstruation in recent self-help texts diverge from these conceptions. Instead of portraying menstruation as something problematic, self-help texts represent the menstruating body as natural, manageable, and potentially empowering. However, by depicting relentless self-monitoring and self-care as routes to mandatory health and well-being, menstrual self-help texts also construct new norms of menstruating that contribute to individualized responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Putting children to bed is an everyday practice but is under‐studied in childhood research. Findings from this study of eight popular self‐help parenting books for 2‐to‐5‐year‐olds show that the books rarely, if ever, consider that children have voice/s, or social competence. Where the child does appear, it was to be silenced. Centrally, the authors push failure and responsibility onto parents. We found advice crystallised around either attachment‐led approaches, emphasising emotional availability, or behaviourist approaches. The discourses of sleep the books harness are professionalised external lenses. We explore the conflicting and sometimes contradictory ways they position children and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of Persian Scientific Papers (PSPs) on Persian Wikipedia by studying Wikipedia's citations to these papers. Design/methodology/approach: The present study is applied research, which has been performed by the web-mining method, such as downloading web pages, extracting information (references), identifying papers, detecting peer-review journals and calculating the frequency rates. The statistical population included 10,000 Persian Wikipedia Pages (PWPs) that were analyzed in two rounds with a six-month interval. Findings: The number of pages containing the Persian references section was 3,994 and 4,063 out of the 10,000 pages extracted in the first and second rounds. The ratio of pages that cited scientific sources (58 and 67 pages) to the pages extracted from the PWP was equal to 0.58 and 0.67%. The ratio of pages that cited scientific sources to pages with Persian references in each round was equal to 1.45 and 1.64%. The number of references extracted from the PWP in each round equaled 30,441 and 35,891. Eight titles from reputable Persian journals had received at least three citations from Wikipedia. Originality/value: The present study has determined the extent of interaction between science and society (knowledge flow) in the form of citations from Wikipedia articles to articles in peer-reviewed journals. The study of this issue in Persian Wikipedia in more than 2000 Persian peer-reviewed journals shows the originality of the present paper. Studying citation reliability in a collaborative and openly editable platform is another originality of the work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of Islamic State is one of the most popular political concepts in the Islamic world, including in Malaysia. The study was conducted to look at the development of the Islamic State concept in general and its development in Malaysia in particular. Study is carried out qualitatively where a variety of references have been fabricated references based on authentic and reliable articles, books and reference materials. Study shows that Malaysia, after 66 years of independence, has experienced Islamization by its leaders in various aspects of life and administration in order to meet the criteria as an Islamic State and a Muslim majority. This study is to show Malaysia as a sovereign country that has a Muslim king and its administration held by leaders of various religious and cultural backgrounds lead by Malay Muslim has diversified their efforts with various brands and work movements in upholding Islam as a federal religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main causes of voice disorders in children with adverse vocal behavior include benign lesions of the vocal folds caused by voice abuse or misuses, such as vocal fold nodules, vocal fold polyps, and laryngitis. Long-term voice disorders can affect the physical and mental health of children. Reviewing the literature of the last two decades on "Vocal Fold Nodules," "Vocal Fold Polyp," "Voice disorder," "Voice Abuse," "Voice Misuse," "Pediatrics," and "Children" with the appropriate Boolean operators. Conclusion: A total of 315 results were returned on an initial PubMed search. All articles from 2000 to 2022 written in English or Chinese were screened. Duplicate articles, those relating to adults only or concerned with the malignant lesion of the vocal cord, were excluded, resulting in 196 articles of interest. Relevant references and books have also been consulted, and we provide a review of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of these maladaptive vocal behavioral voice disorders. What is Known: • Hoarseness is the most common voice symptom in children, and there are various causes of hoarseness in children. However, there is a lack of reviews on voice disorders caused by adverse vocal habits in children. • Voice training is a conservative treatment method for children with voice disorders , and it is important to clarify the factors that influence the effectiveness of voice training for children. What is New: • This review of the personality and family characteristics of children with adverse vocal behavioural voice disorders provides a valuable guide to the clinical planning of subsequent treatment. • This article discusses and summarises some of the factors that may influence the effectiveness of voice training in children and collates some of the scales and questionnaires currently used in children that are important in predicting the effectiveness of voice training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coptic literature abounds with references to books that never existed as physical objects in their own right. This article explores the role of fictional books specifically in a selection of Coptic apocrypha deriving from the entire period of Coptic literary production. Whether presented as apostolic, prophetic, or angelic; earthly or heavenly; historical or contemporary, references to fictional books could function as veracity devices, authority claims, or as materials for storyworld creation. Taking as its points of departure recent work on pseudo-documentarism, transnarrative storyworlds, and the cognitive effects of fiction, this article explores implicit claims to authority and authenticity, as well as the fuzzy boundaries and interrelationships between fictional and factual references in meaning- and world-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the need for a handbook dedicated to creating more resilient communities, despite the abundance of existing information on resilience. It highlights the disconnect between lessons learned from past disasters and the practical implementation of resilience strategies at the local level. It is further noted that COVID-19 pandemic further exposed deficiencies in understanding threats to community welfare and the application of resilience-related laws, policies, & practices.

Regular Expressions (RegEx) can be employed as a technique for supervised learning to define and search for specific patterns inside text. This work devised a method that utilizes regular expressions to convert the reference style of academic papers into several styles, dependent on the specific needs of the target publication or conference. Our research aimed to detect distinctive patterns of reference styles using RegEx and compare them with a dataset including various reference styles. We gathered a diverse range of reference format categories, encompassing seven distinct classes, from various sources such as academic papers, journals, conference proceedings, and books. Our approach involves employing RegEx to convert one referencing format to another based on the user's specific preferences. The proposed model demonstrated an accuracy of 57.26% for book references and 57.56% for journal references. We used the similarity ratio and Levenshtein distance to evaluate the dataset's performance. The model achieved a 97.8% similarity ratio with a Levenshtein distance of 2. Notably, the APA style for journal references yielded the best results. However, the effectiveness of the extraction function varies depending on the reference style. For APA style, the model showed a 99.97% similarity ratio with a Levenshtein distance of 1. Overall, our proposed model outperforms baseline machine learning models in this task. This study introduces an automated program that utilizes regular expressions to modify academic reference formats. This will enhance the efficiency, precision, and adaptability of academic publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper demonstrates how the corpus grammar tool GramatiKat can be used to improve and refine morphological information in the Internet Language Reference Book (ILRB), which presents complete declension paradigms for 45,632 standard Czech nouns. The paradigm tables are based mainly on morphological types, following structuralist conceptions of language as a fully articulated system. The paper discusses how to update the ILRB and provide users with empirically based grammatical information for individual word forms in each cell of the paradigm. All noun lemmas have been investigated using the GramatiKat tool for research into grammatical categories in Czech. The tool observes the distribution of word forms of a particular lexeme in comparison with the standard distribution across the whole word class. It is capable of identifying nouns that have an unusually high occurrence of a certain word form, as well as nouns with unattested word forms. GramatiKat is based on the data from two corpora of Czech written texts, SYN2015 and SYN2020 (200 million word tokens). The paper investigates the relationship between defectiveness and overabundance on one side and language variability and potentiality on the other. Based on the unique combination of data from the ILRB and GramatiKat, the paper suggests how information about unusually frequent or overabundant word forms as well as unattested ones should be pointed out, so that ILRB provides the user with accurate, empirically based data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alan Gribben's book, "Mark Twain's Literary Resources: A Reconstruction of His Library and Reading, Volume Two," is a monumental and comprehensive reference book that provides valuable insights into Mark Twain's intellectual life. The book is a follow-up to Gribben's previous work and expands on his research of Twain's library and reading. Gribben's meticulous scholarship refutes the notion that Twain was an intellectual lightweight, demonstrating that he read challenging works across various subjects and languages. The book includes an annotated catalog of nearly 6,000 books, as well as a reader's guide that serves as a comprehensive index and finding tool. Gribben's research reveals the breadth of Twain's reading, making this book an essential resource for scholars and Twain enthusiasts. [Extracted from the article]

[Purpose] The aim of the article is to cover the main definitions of the concept of artificial intelligence, its origins, characteristics, grounds for application, as well as direct interaction and influence on the implementation of the main tasks of justice through the use and development of artificial intelligence in the judicial procedure. [Methodology/Approach/Design] To solve the tasks set, the study employed the appropriate methods and materials of scientific research, namely dialectical, historical, statistical, sociological, and other methods of cognition of processes and phenomena, including specialised methods of grammatical consideration and interpretation of legal norms. Furthermore, an entire block of logical methods was used, including classification (upon creating a complete classification and structuring of scientific hypotheses and assumptions), extrapolation, induction and deduction, analogy, abstraction, comparison. [Findings] This paper investigates the emergence and transformation of artificial intelligence in modern technological and information relations, its gradual introduction in various spheres of life, namely the ways of implementation and the possibility of application in justice. Furthermore, the study analyses possible ways and legal consequences of introducing artificial intelligence into the e-justice system in Ukraine and proposes the stages of reformation. [Practical Implications] The materials of this study are of practical value in the implementation of the goals set for the active use of artificial intelligence tools and their gradual improvement, including the development of methodological guidelines, legislative acts covering the judicial procedure and reference books and recommendations for the interpretation of regulations that have already been adopted in the process of introducing electronic justice in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Al-Quran is Muslims' main book of belief and behaviour. The Al-Quran is used as a reference book by millions of Muslims worldwide, and as such, it is useful for Muslims in general and Muslim academics to gain knowledge from it. Many translators have worked on the Quran's translation into many different languages around the world, including English. Thus, every translator has his/her own perspectives, statements, and opinions when translating verses acquired from the (Tafseer) of the Quran. However, this work aims to cluster these variations among translations of the Tafseer by utilising text clustering. As a part of the text mining approach, text clustering includes clustering documents according to how similar they are. This study adapted the (k-means) clustering technique algorithm (unsupervised learning) to illustrate and discover the relationships between keywords called features or concepts for five different translators on the 286 verses of the Al-Baqarah chapter. The datasets have been preprocessed, and features extracted by applying TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency). The findings show two/three-dimensional clustering plotting for the first two/three most frequent features assigned to seven cluster categories (k = 7) for each of five translated Tafseer. The features 'allah/god', 'believ', and 'said' are the three most features shared by the five Tafseer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current article is devoted to the study of the linguophilosophical concept "Privacy" in English and Chinese linguocultures, which plays a vital role in the formation of the meaning of life for any individual and the major axiological functions of personality. The aim of the study is to give a complete characteristic of the philosophical concept "Privacy" in English linguocultures. The novelty of this work is determined by representing the construction of the model of as a linguocultural concept, as well as defining its socio-psychological, cultural, philosophical and linguistic characteristics. This study is also important in identifying the ways of expressing "Privacy" in the lexicalphraseological system of language and communicative behavior. The material for the study is presented by linguistic units, found in dictionaries, reference books and popular literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to: (1) Obtain information regarding the gap between traditionally used local history learning resources and students' ability to understand the local character values of South Sulawesi Society, (2) Ascertain the opinions of students, lecturers, and the head of the History Education Study Program at Makassar State University regarding the necessity of character-based local history learning resources, and (3) Identify the local character values of South Sulawesi society intended for integration into the development of character-based local history learning resources. The research was conducted in the History Education Study Program from February to March 2023. The participants included students, lecturers, and the head of the history education study program at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, Universitas Negeri Makassar. The researcher employed purposive sampling techniques. Data collection methods included observations, interviews, and questionnaire distribution. Information related to observational outcomes was gathered from documents such as semester program plans, reference books used in the learning process, and the learning process itself. Questionnaire and interview instruments were developed based on predefined criteria. Likert scales were utilized for the questionnaire measurements. Interview data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Data were interpreted and presented descriptively. Quantitative analysis was applied to the questionnaire results using descriptive analysis. Data validity was tested through data triangulation. The research findings suggest that based on the needs analysis, there is a perceived necessity to develop character-based learning resources, particularly integrating character values such as maradeka (democracy), alllempureng (honesty), agettengeng (steadfastness), assitinajang (propriety), and warani (courage) into local history content and learning as part of the pappaseng (message) culture of the Makassar Bugis tribe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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